Embonini yendabuko yamakhemikhali amakhemikhali, inqubo yokwenza i-fiber yokuncibilika kobuchwepheshe bokuphotha ku-polymer njengento eluhlaza, ngenxa ye-viscosity ephezulu ye-polymer yokuncibilika, i-fiber ivamise ukuba ngaphezu kwama-microns ayi-10 ububanzi, isikali esincane (i-sub-micron kanye nezinga le-nanometer) i-fiber ngokuvamile idinga ukuqaliswa kobuchwepheshe bokuphotha kwe-electrostatic, inqubo ngaphezu kwesidingo esidingekayo se-5 ~ 40 kv, i-voltage ephansi ye-visco ephansi futhi ilula. Ngakho-ke, kubuchwepheshe bokuphotha obuncibilikisiwe, ama-polymers avame ukuncibilika ku-solvents ephilayo ukuze enze isisombululo sokuphotha se-1% ~ 20%, esingagcini nje ukunciphisa isivuno se-fiber, sandise izindleko zenqubo, kodwa futhi iletha izinkinga zokuvuselela i-solvent kanye nokungcoliswa kwemvelo. Ngakho-ke, sekuyisikhathi eside kuyinkinga enzima embonini ukuthola ama-microfibers ngaphandle kokushintshashintsha kwe-solvent.

Ngenxa yalokhu, ithimba likaSolwazi uNing Xin waseNyuvesi yaseQingdao liklame inoveli ene-low-energy Reactive melt spinning (RMS) esekelwe kumshini we-anionic ovula indandatho ye-polymerization ye-caprolactam, i-catalyst kanye nesistimu yokuqalisa ukulungiselela i-polyamide 6 micro/nano fiber materials. Ucwaningo oluhlobene lunesihloko esithi "Ukwakhiwa kwe inayiloni-6 I-Micro/ nano-fiber Assembly ngokusebenzisa I-Low Energy Reactive Melt Spinning Process "(https://doi.org/10.1039/D1GC03468E) izindaba ezishicilelwe ku-Green Chemistry".

Umfanekiso 1. Inqubo ye-reactive melt spinning (RMS)

Kulolu cwaningo, i-monomer ye-viscosity ephansi njengokuphotha kokuqala okuluhlaza, ngokulawulwa kwe-polymerization reaction kinetics ye-hybrid system viscosity ehambisana ne-voltage ephezulu ye-electrostatic field force stretching, yaqaphela i-viscosity ephansi ye-monomer ingxube, i-anionic ring-opening polymerization, i-polymer crystallization, i-fluid extrusion stretching forming kanye ne-fiber random synchronization network process. Izinga lokushisa lenqubo licishe libe ngu-80 ~ 100℃ ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa lamanje lenqubo yokuncibilika lokuncibilika, linciphisa kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwamandla. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokuphotha kwesixazululo, le nqubo ayisebenzisi noma iyiphi i-solvent noma i-thinner, eyenza ngcono isivuno futhi isindise izindleko zokubuyiselwa kwe-solvent nokwelashwa.

Ngokomthetho we-lambert-Beer, izinga lokuguqulwa kwe-monomer encibilikisiwe exubile ene-viscosity yokudweba efanelekile iphakathi kuka-50% no-60% ngokuqapha inqubo ye-anionic yokuvula indandatho ye-polymerization yesistimu ye-caprolactam catalyst initiator nge-dynamic infrared spectroscopy. Ngokulungiselela ifomula yempahla eluhlaza kanye nemingcele yokucubungula yama-reactants, amasampula atholiwe bekuyimicu eqinile yekholomu enobuso obushelelezi, futhi akhe amafilimu anezinhlangothi ezimbili ezimbotshana anokusabalalisa okungahleliwe. I-fiber diameters yasakazwa ngokuyinhloko phakathi kuka-400 nm no-3 μm. Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-DSC ikhombisa ukuthi indawo yokuncibilika yefiber ingu-212.4℃, engafinyelela ebangeni lokuncibilika lejwayelekile. INYLON 6 imikhiqizo (210 ~ 230 ℃), futhi ubucwebe bayo bungama-26.7%, buphansi kancane kunobucu benayiloni engu-6 (31.7%). Iphinde ibe namafomu ekristalu angu-α kanye no-γ, okuyizona ezivame kakhulu inayiloni 6. Futhi ngaphansi kwesilinganiso esihlukile se-reactant kanye nemingcele yenqubo ibonisa ukuguqulwa okufanayo okujwayelekile. Izinga elimaphakathi lokuguqulwa kwe-monomer yesampula yefayibha ebalwe ngendlela yokukala lingafinyelela ngaphezu kwama-90%. Imiphumela yokuhlolwa ye-GPC ibonisa ukuthi isilinganiso sesisindo sengqamuzana sesampula yokugcina singaphezu kuka-50000, okubonisa ukuthi inqubo yokuphotha encibilikayo esebenzayo ihambisana nenqubo esebenza kahle kakhulu futhi ephelele yokusabela kwe-polymerization.

Umfanekiso we-3

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ucwaningo luphinde lwenze neLife Cycle Assessment (LCA) yemikhiqizo ye-NYLON 6, evela emthonjeni we-caprolactam monomer -- ukuhlanganiswa kwenayiloni 6 -- ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo yenayiloni engu-6 -- inqubo yokucekelwa phansi kwenayiloni 6, uphenyo lulonke, ukuqhathanisa nokuhlaziya. Esigabeni sokukhiqiza senayiloni 6, uma kuqhathaniswa nokuphotha okujwayelekile kwe-ncibilika kanye nokuphotha kwesixazululo, inqubo ye-reactive melt spinning (RMS) ingaba ukuphela kwendlela yokukhiqiza imicu phakathi kobubanzi bama-microns amaningana nama-sub-microns ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izinyibilikisi. Yonke le nqubo ayinabo ubuthi, ayingcolisi, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi kanye nesivuno esikhulu. Inqubo ye-RMS ehlanganiswe nomzila i-caprolactam monomer engahlanganiswa ubunjiniyela be-enzyme yokukhishwa kwe-fern yasebusika, kanye nenqubo yomjikelezo oluhlaza ukuthi inayiloni 6 ingahlehliswa ibe isandulela se-caprolactam, ngaleyo ndlela kuzuzwe inqubo yokukhiqiza eqhubekayo yomjikelezo oluhlaza we-nylon 6 micro kanye ne-nano fibers kuwo wonke umjikelezo wempilo oboniswe ku-FIG. 4. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, Inqubo ye-RMS inombono wezohwebo ongenzeka kakhulu ngokomqondo, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi ifezekise ukukhiqizwa kwesikali sezimboni senayiloni 6 micro/nano fibers. Ukusungulwa kwale nqubo kanye nezinto ezihlobene nazo zimenyezelwe ukuze kuvikelwe ilungelo lobunikazi.